What is the definition of a vector quantity?

A vector quantity is defined as one that possesses both magnitude and direction. This definition emphasizes that vectors are not just about how much (magnitude), but also the way in which that quantity is oriented in space (direction). For example, velocity is a vector: you can have a speed of 60 km/h (magnitude) to the north (direction).

Understanding vector quantities is essential in physics, as they are used to describe various phenomena such as forces, displacement, and momentum, all of which require both how much and in which direction to give a complete picture of the situation.